An Internet of Technology ecosystem consists of web-enabled smart devices using embedded processors, sensors, and hardware to collect, send, and act on data acquired from their environments.
All IoT devices share their data by connecting to an IoT gateway or various other edge devices where data is analyzed locally or sent to the cloud for further analysis.
Sometimes, these devices also communicate with other devices and act on the information they gather from one another. These devices do most of the job without human intervention even though people can interact with them to set them up or access data.
The networking, communication, and connectivity protocols used with these devices largely depend on the specific IoT applications deployed.
A complete IOT system integrates 4 distinct components namely:
Now, let’s see how each and every component works in an IoT ecosystem:
First sensors are used to collect data from the environment. This can be as simple as a temperature reading or an entire video feed.
The data is then sent to the cloud through a variety of methods including the likes of satellite, cellular, Bluetooth, WiFi, LPWAN (low-power wide-area networks), or a direct connection to the internet (say, an ethernet cable).
Once data is sent to the cloud, the software performs some kind of processing.
This can range from something very simple like a temperature reading or something very complex like using the vision of a computer to identify objects.
But what happens if the temperature is too high? That is precisely where the user steps in.
The information is then made to the end-user in some way. This could be through an alert to the user (like text, email, notification, etc.).
To help you comprehend the functioning of IoT, let’s take a quick look at an IoT application used in home automation:
IoT may not always be a one-way street. Depending on the application of this technology, the user may perform an action to affect the system. For example, s/he might remotely adjust the temperature to one of his/her preference via an app on their phone.
And some actions are performed automatically. The system may not always wait for you to adjust the temperature and do it automatically via a predefined set of instructions.
Sudipto is a Senior Content Developer at IoT Avenue who helped to build the content of the site along with several other sites with his compassionate SEO driven content. He is also a HubSpot, certified Content Marketer. He brings five years of experience to his current role, where he is dedicated to developing the content of different websites.
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